Opinion
Motion No. 12,142.
Decided October 23, 1935.
1. — Mandamus — Jurisdiction — Courts.
The Court of Civil Appeals as well as the Supreme Court having jurisdiction to issue a writ of mandamus to compel a district judge to proceed to judgment in a cause pending in his court, relator should apply to the Court of Civil Appeals for relief before applying to the Supreme Court.
2. — Appeal and Error — Jurisdiction — Mandamus.
Since Supreme Court cannot exercise appellate jurisdiction over original actions in the Court of Civil Appeals, no appeal will lie where that court has, in an original proceeding, refused to issue a writ of mandamus to a trial court to enter judgment, but, after such action in the Court of Civil Appeals, the Supreme Court has power upon an original action filed therein to issue the writ if in its judgment the relator is entitled to same.
3. — Mandamus — Courts — Jurisdiction.
Motion for leave to file petition for mandamus in the Supreme Court will be dismissed without prejudice, unless relator has previously been refused such relief in Court of Civil Appeals.
Original proceding in mandamus to compel the Honorable Royall R. Watkins, Judge of the 95th Judicial District Court of Dallas, to enter judgment, in a cause pending in his court. Further facts are stated in the opinion.
Motion was submitted to the court sitting with the Commission of Appeals and opinion written by Judge Hickman, of the Commission, was adopted as the opinion of the Supreme Court.
Motion for leave to file petition denied without prejudice.
Worsham, Rollins, Burford, Ryburn Hincks, and Autry Norton, all of Dallas, for relator.
Relator by its motion seeks leave of this Court to file a petition for a writ of mandamus requiring and commanding Honorable Royall R. Watkins, as District Judge of the 95th Judicial District of Dallas County, to enter judgment for the defendant in Cause No. 100457-A/D, pending in that court, wherein B. H. Duncan and wife, Ina Mae Duncan, are plaintiffs, and relator is defendant.
It is made to appear that Judge Watkins refused to enter judgment on the verdict of the jury and declared a mistrial for the sole and only reason that the answers of the jury to the special issues are in irreconcilable conflict and will not support a judgment for defendant. The claim of relator is that the answers are in no wise conflicting, and that it entitled to judgment on the verdict.
1 This Court has the jurisdiction to issue a writ of mandamus to compel a district judge to proceed to judgment in a cause. R. S., 1925, Art. 1734. Gulf C. S. F. Ry. Co. v. Canty, 115 Tex. 537, 285 S.W. 296; Cortimeglia v. Davis, 116 Tex. 412, 292 S.W. 875. It is equally certain that courts of civil appeals have the power to issue such writs. R. S., 1925, Art. 1824. Cleveland v. Ward, 116 Tex. 1, 285 S.W. 1063; Allen v. Strode, 62 S.W.2d 289.
There is no showing made that relator has applied to the Court of Civil Appeals for the relief which it seeks here. Owing to the great volume of business coming before this Court, it is manifest that our judicial system can operate more efficiently if litigants are required to present applications of this nature to the Court of Civil Appeals in the first instance.
The language of our Chief Justice in Houtchens v. Mercer, 119 Tex. 244, 27 S.W.2d 795, may appropriately be reproduced here:
"Since we have concluded that the Court of Civil Appeals has the power to issue the writ of mandamus, and such other writs ancillary thereto as may be necessary to protect the relator in every right he has under the law, it is the rule that we should ordinarily decline to take jurisdiction under our original power to issue the writ of mandamus until the relator has applied to the Court of Civil Appeals for such relief, if any, to which he may be entitled.
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"We have examined the petition for mandamus in this case, and the accompanying exhibits, and we see no reason why the relief, if any, to which the relator is entitled, may not be had as expeditiously and as effectively in the Court of Civil Appeals as in this court. We must, accordingly, decline to take jurisdiction of the application for mandamus. The motion for leave to file is overruled, without prejudice, however, to the relator's right to apply to the Court of Civil Appeals for such relief, if any, to which he may be entitled; and also without prejudice to his right, when he brings himself within the rule, to again apply to this court for such relief, if any, to which he may then be entitled, and which may have been denied him."
2 Should the Court of Civil Appeals decline to issue the writ, no appeal will lie from that decision to this Court. This for the reason that the Supreme Court cannot exercise appellate jurisdiction over original actions in courts of civil appeals. City of Houston v. City of Palestine, 114 Tex. 306, 267 S.W. 663; Long v. Martin, 115 Tex. 519, 285 S.W. 1075. But, in an original action filed in this Court after the Court of Civil Appeals has declined to issue the writ, this Court has the power to issue it, if in its judgment relator is entitled thereto. Houtchens v. Mercer, 119 Tex. 431, 29 S.W.2d 1031, 69 A. L. R., 1103.
3 We have heretofore in several instances taken jurisdiction of similar actions, but on account of the great increase in the volume of litigation coming before this Court, we have concluded to adopt the policy of requiring that relief of this nature be sought first in the Court of Civil Appeals.
The motion for leave to file the petition for mandamus is denied without prejudice to the relator's right to proceed as outlined in the Houtchens case, supra.
Opinion adopted by Supreme Court October 23, 1935.