Summary
In County of Sutter v. Tisdale, 136 Cal. 474, which was an action to condemn for a public road, the court said: "Certain preliminary steps are to be taken before an action for condemnation can be maintained against non-consenting land-owners, but in such action this determination of the board of supervisors is to be regarded as a final judgment in another proceeding before a competent tribunal, and is not subject to a collateral attack."
Summary of this case from County of Madera v. Raymond Granite Co.Opinion
Sac. No. 722.
June 4, 1902.
APPEAL from an order of the Superior Court of Sutter County denying a new trial. E.A. Davis, Judge.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Forbes Dinsmore, for Appellants.
A.C. McLaughlin, District Attorney, M.E. Sanborn, and Lawrence Schillig, for Respondent.
The district attorney of Sutter County brought the present action, under the direction of the board of supervisors of that county, to procure by condemnation the right of way for a public road that the board of supervisors had determined should be laid out over the lands of the defendants. The action was tried by the court without a jury, and upon its findings of fact judgment was rendered in favor of plaintiff. The present appeal is from an order denying defendants' motion for a new trial.
At the trial the plaintiff introduced in evidence a petition to the board of supervisors to lay out the road, together with a bond accompanying the same for the payment of the costs and expenses of viewing and surveying the route, the record of the board showing the appointment of viewers, the report of the viewers and its approval by the board, and the assessment of damages, the order of the board that the amount of damages assessed and awarded be set apart in the treasury of the county out of the proper fund, to be paid to the respective owners; that the same was set apart for that purpose more than ten days prior to the commencement of this action, and that the appellants had not accepted the same. This evidence, in the absence of any evidence countervailing or impeaching the same, made out a prima facie case, under which the plaintiff was entitled to a judgment of condemnation. (County of Siskiyou v. Gamlich, 110 Cal. 94; County of Sonoma v. Crozier, 118 Cal. 680; County of Sutter v. McGriff, 130 Cal. 124.) In their statement of the case the appellants do not claim that the evidence is insufficient to sustain the findings, but specify certain errors of law as the ground of their motion, and urge the same upon the present appeal.
In their report to the board of supervisors the viewers stated that upon a survey and examination of the route proposed for the road they found the general route to be good, but that some parts were impracticable, and that they had located a route for the road near the one proposed, which they recommended for adoption. They reported upon the feasibility and cost of the route proposed by them, but did not report upon the cost of the road over the proposed route. The appellants urge that the provision in section 2686 of the Political Code, requiring the viewers to report to the board of supervisors "the course, termini, length, and probable cost of construction of the proposed road," is mandatory, and that their failure to report these facts is fatal to the proceedings. Section 2685 of the Political Code provides that the viewers "must view and lay out the proposed alterations, or new road, over the most practicable route, and in the performance of this duty they shall be required to make the proposed alterations, or new road, over the same lands mentioned in the petition, but shall not be confined to any particular route indicated therein." And subdivision 6 of section 2686 declares that "they may also, in their discretion, report upon the feasibility and cost of any other route than the one petitioned for which would subserve the same purposes."
The authority to lay out and open a new road has been intrusted by the legislature to the board of supervisors of each county, and the determination by that body that the public necessity requires a road to be laid out between two designated points, as well as the particular route of such road, is legislative in its character, and not open to review in an action like the present. The provision in the code for the appointment of viewers, and for their report, as well as the direction that notice shall be given to the landowners of the hearing upon this report, are for the purpose of giving information to the supervisors upon the subject of the petition, and to aid them in reaching an intelligent determination upon the subject of laying out the road, but their determination thereof is final, and cannot be questioned upon the ground that it was not authorized by the evidence before them. Certain preliminary steps are to be taken before an action for condemnation can be maintained against non-consenting landowners, but in such action the determination of the board of supervisors is to be regarded as a final judgment in another proceeding before a competent tribunal, and is not subject to a collateral attack. (County of Humboldt v. Dinsmore, 75 Cal. 604; County of Siskiyou v. Gamlich, 110 Cal. 94; Levee Dist. No. 9 v. Farmer, 101 Cal. 178.) This rule is incorporated in section 2690 of the Political Code, which declares that in the action for condemnation "no informality in the proceedings of the board shall vitiate said suit, but the said order of the board directing the district attorney to bring suit shall be conclusive proof of the regularity thereof." Under this rule the failure of the viewers to report upon the cost of the road upon the route proposed in the petition, the form of the bond which was presented with the petition, the form of the clerk's notice to the landowners, the form of the report by the viewers, the manner in which the viewers performed their duty, became immaterial, and evidence in reference thereto, as well as the evidence offered by the defendants for the purpose of showing how far the route reported varied from the route proposed in the petition, was properly excluded by the court.
The bond accompanying the petition was for the sum of one hundred dollars, and is conditioned for the payment of "all the costs of viewing and surveying the proposed road prayed for." Its approval by the board of supervisors was equivalent to a declaration by that body that the sum named therein was double the amount of such probable cost. The petition to the board of supervisors was admissible under the allegations of the complaint. Its efficiency, as well as its admissibility, was not impaired by the fact that in addition to asking that a new road be laid out it also asked that the old road be abandoned. The question asked of the witness Ashley with reference to the levee, under some conjectured action that the county might thereafter take, was irrelevant to any question before the court, and the answer thereto was properly excluded.
The objections to the sufficiency of the complaint cannot be considered upon an appeal from the order denying a new trial.
The order is affirmed.
Van Dyke, J., and Beatty, C.J., concurred.