Opinion
2015-05-01
Gary CHAMBERLAIN, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. MAC TRAILER MANUFACTURING, INC., Defendant, Modern Disposal Service, Inc., Defendant–Respondent, and Custom Canvas Mfg. Co., Inc., Defendant–Appellant.
Gibson, Mcaskill & Crosby, LLP, Buffalo (C. Christopher Bridge of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Brown Chiari LLP, Lancaster (Bradley D. Marble of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Gibson, Mcaskill & Crosby, LLP, Buffalo (C. Christopher Bridge of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Brown Chiari LLP, Lancaster (Bradley D. Marble of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Cartafalsa, Slattery, Turpin & Lenoff, Buffalo (Phyliss A. Hafner of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent.
PRESENT: SMITH, J.P., PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, VALENTINO, and WHALEN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiff commenced this action seeking damages for injuries he sustained while opening the back door of a trailer owned by defendant Modern Disposal Service, Inc. According to plaintiff, his injuries were caused by a defect in a roll top canvas tarp that covered the trailer. The tarp was designed, manufactured and installed by defendant Custom Canvas Mfg. Co., Inc. (Custom Canvas). The complaint asserts two causes of action, for negligence and strict products liability, the latter of which alleges, in relevant part, that Custom Canvas defectively designed and manufactured the canvas tarp. Following discovery, Custom Canvas moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint against it, and Supreme Court denied the motion. We now modify the order by granting the motion to the extent that it seeks dismissal of the strict products liability cause of action based on an alleged manufacturing defect.
At the outset, we note that plaintiff did not oppose the motion insofar as it sought dismissal of the strict products liability cause of action based on an alleged manufacturing defect; instead, plaintiff's opposition was focused exclusively on the defective design theory. In any event, we conclude that Custom Canvas met its initial burden by establishing that the product was not defectively manufactured as a matter of law ( see Preston v. Peter Luger Enters., Inc., 51 A.D.3d 1322, 1324, 858 N.Y.S.2d 828; McArdle v. Navistar Intl. Corp., 293 A.D.2d 931, 932, 742 N.Y.S.2d 146), and in response plaintiff failed to raise an issue of fact ( see generally Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718).
With respect to the alleged design defect, Custom Canvas had the burden of establishing through the affidavit of a person with “qualifications, experience, or personal knowledge in the design, manufacture or use” of the product that the product “complied with all applicable industry standards” (Wesp v. Carl Zeiss, Inc., 11 A.D.3d 965, 967, 783 N.Y.S.2d 439; see Steinbarth v. Otis El. Co., 269 A.D.2d 751, 752, 703 N.Y.S.2d 417), and that the product was “reasonably safe for its intended use when it was manufactured” consistent with those industry standards (Gian v. Cincinnati Inc., 17 A.D.3d 1014, 1016, 794 N.Y.S.2d 215). Here, Custom Canvas failed to meet its initial burden because it presented no evidence concerning the industry standard for the construction of roll top canvas tarps. Moreover, an expert's opinion concerning the safety of a product must be supported by facts, and the expert may not simply assert in conclusory fashion that the product was not defective ( see generally Romano v. Stanley, 90 N.Y.2d 444, 451, 661 N.Y.S.2d 589, 684 N.E.2d 19; Wesp, 11 A.D.3d at 967, 783 N.Y.S.2d 439), and Custom Canvas' expert did not address plaintiff's theory that Custom Canvas negligently designed the tarp by using aluminum, rather than steel, tarp catchers. We thus conclude that the court properly denied Custom Canvas' motion insofar as it sought summaryjudgment dismissing both the strict products liability cause of action based on an alleged design defect and the negligence cause of action. Because Custom Canvas failed to make a “threshold showing” that its tarp was not negligently designed, we need not address its alternative contention that the tarp was substantially modified after it was distributed (Hoover v. New Holland North Am., Inc., 23 N.Y.3d 41, 56, 988 N.Y.S.2d 543, 11 N.E.3d 693).
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously modified on the law by granting the motion of defendant Custom Canvas Mfg. Co., Inc. in part and dismissing the second cause of action against that defendant insofar as it is based on an alleged manufacturing defect, and as modified the order is affirmed without costs.