Opinion
803 CA 17–02205
07-25-2018
BRG CORPORATION and Demetrios Tamoutselis, Plaintiffs–Respondents, v. CHEVRON U.S.A., INC., Texaco, Inc., Defendants–Respondents, Valero Energy Corporation, Defendant–Appellant, et al., Defendants.
HODGSON RUSS LLP, BUFFALO (JEFFREY C. STRAVINO OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT–APPELLANT. KNAUF SHAW LLP, ROCHESTER (AMY K. KENDALL OF COUNSEL), FOR PLAINTIFFS–RESPONDENTS. WOODS OVIATT GILMAN LLP, ROCHESTER (GRETA K. KOLCON OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANTS–RESPONDENTS.
HODGSON RUSS LLP, BUFFALO (JEFFREY C. STRAVINO OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT–APPELLANT.
KNAUF SHAW LLP, ROCHESTER (AMY K. KENDALL OF COUNSEL), FOR PLAINTIFFS–RESPONDENTS.
WOODS OVIATT GILMAN LLP, ROCHESTER (GRETA K. KOLCON OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANTS–RESPONDENTS.
PRESENT: WHALEN, P.J., SMITH, CARNI, NEMOYER, AND TROUTMAN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs, the motion is granted, and the second amended complaint is dismissed against defendant Valero Energy Corporation.
Memorandum: Plaintiffs commenced this action to recover the costs of remediating environmental contamination to their property in the City of Rochester. Plaintiffs allege that defendants, or their respective predecessors in interest, caused the contamination in the 1960s and 1970s. Valero Energy Corporation (defendant) moved to dismiss the second amended complaint against it for lack of personal jurisdiction (see CPLR 3211[a][8] ). Supreme Court denied the motion, holding that plaintiffs had "provided ample evidence demonstrating the existence of facts sufficient to justify the exercise of personal jurisdiction over [defendant]," specifically that defendant was the successor in interest to a company that was itself subject to personal jurisdiction in New York. "[A]s such, " the court continued, it "has personal jurisdiction over [defendant]" for the alleged torts of its purported predecessor (emphasis added). We now reverse.
It is undisputed that defendant, a foreign corporation with no present contacts in this State, is not subject to personal jurisdiction in New York under either CPLR 301 or 302(a) (see Semenetz v. Sherling & Walden, Inc., 21 A.D.3d 1138, 1139–1140, 801 N.Y.S.2d 78 [3d Dept. 2005], affd on other grounds 7 N.Y.3d 194, 818 N.Y.S.2d 819, 851 N.E.2d 1170 [2006] ). Nevertheless, plaintiffs contend that personal jurisdiction exists over defendant because it ostensibly bears successor liability for a predecessor corporation that was itself subject to personal jurisdiction in New York. The Third Department, however, expressly rejected that jurisdictional theory in Semenetz (see id. at 1140, 801 N.Y.S.2d 78 ). The "successor liability rule[s]," wrote the Semenetz court, "deal with the concept of tort liability, not jurisdiction. When and if [successor liability] is found applicable, the corporate successor would be subject to liability for the torts of its predecessor in any forum having in personam jurisdiction over the successor, but the [successor liability rules] do not and cannot confer such jurisdiction over the successor in the first instance" ( id. ).
Plaintiffs do not challenge Semenetz's holding or its rationale, nor do they ask us to chart our own course on this novel and unsettled jurisdictional issue (see generally Semenetz, 7 N.Y.3d at 199 n 2, 818 N.Y.S.2d 819, 851 N.E.2d 1170 ; Edie v. Portland Orthopaedics Ltd., 2017 WL 945936, *2 [S.D.N.Y., Feb. 16, 2017, No. 14–Civ–7350 (NRB) ]; cf. Patin v. Thoroughbred Power Boats Inc., 294 F.3d 640, 653 [5th Cir.2002] ; Williams v. Bowman Livestock Equip. Co., 927 F.2d 1128, 1132 [10th Cir.1991] ; City of Richmond v. Madison Mgt. Group, Inc., 918 F.2d 438, 454 [4th Cir.1990] ; Bridges v. Mosaic Global Holdings, Inc., 23 So.3d 305, 315–317 [La. Ct. App. 2008], cert denied 1 So.3d 496 [La. Sup. Ct. 2009] ; Jeffrey v. Rapid Am. Corp., 448 Mich. 178, 189–194, 529 N.W.2d 644, 650–653 [1995] ; Hagan v. Val–Hi, Inc., 484 N.W.2d 173, 174–178 [Iowa Sup. Ct. 1992] ). Moreover, plaintiffs do not claim that defendant qualifies for personal jurisdiction under the narrow " ‘inherit[ed] jurisdictional status’ " exception recognized in Semenetz, 21 AD3d at 1140–1141, 801 N.Y.S.2d 78 ; see Societe Generale v. Florida Health Sciences Ctr., Inc., 2003 WL 22852656, *4 (S.D.N.Y., Dec. 1, 2003, No. 03–Civ–5615 (MGC) ). We therefore conclude that the court erred in denying defendant's motion to dismiss the second amended complaint against it for lack of personal jurisdiction.
The parties' remaining contentions are academic in light of our determination.