Opinion
526970
02-28-2019
Roger B. BAFF et al., Appellants—Respondents, v. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF the FONDA–FULTONVILLE CENTRAL SCHOOL DISTRICT et al., Respondents—Appellants.
Tabner Ryan & Keniry, LLP, Albany (Tracy L. Bullet of counsel), for appellants-respondents. Honeywell Law Firm, PLLC, Albany (Christopher J. Honeywell of counsel), for respondents-appellants.
Tabner Ryan & Keniry, LLP, Albany (Tracy L. Bullet of counsel), for appellants-respondents.
Honeywell Law Firm, PLLC, Albany (Christopher J. Honeywell of counsel), for respondents-appellants.
Before: Lynch, J.P., Clark, Mulvey, Devine and Aarons, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
Aarons, J.Plaintiffs are retired teachers who were previously employed by defendant Fonda–Fultonville Central School District (hereinafter the district) and, prior to retirement, were members of defendant Fonda–Fultonville Teachers' Association. Between 1976 and 2013, the district entered into various collective bargaining agreements (hereinafter CBAs) with the Fonda–Fultonville Teachers' Association that set forth the terms and conditions of employment including, among other things, health insurance coverage and benefits for retirees. The CBAs stated that, upon retirement, plaintiffs' health insurance coverage would continue "on the same basis as they have in the past." In 2013, defendants changed plaintiffs' health insurance coverage and benefits, resulting in, among things, increased costs and expenses and changes in coverages. Plaintiffs commenced a combined CPLR article 78 proceeding and declaratory judgment action seeking, among other things, an order declaring that they are entitled to the same health insurance benefits that they had been receiving since the beginning of their respective retirements. In September 2015, Supreme Court dismissed the CPLR article 78 causes of action and the breach of fiduciary duty cause of action, thus leaving the declaratory judgment and breach of contract causes of action as the remaining claims. Following joinder of issue, plaintiffs moved for summary judgment and defendants cross-moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint. Supreme Court denied the motion and cross motion. Plaintiffs appeal and defendants cross-appeal.
Although defendants indicate in their brief that they are withdrawing their cross appeal, there is no indication that the necessary steps were taken to formally withdraw it.
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Whether a contractual term is ambiguous is a threshold question to be resolved by the court (see W.W.W. Assoc. v. Giancontieri, 77 N.Y.2d 157, 162, 565 N.Y.S.2d 440, 566 N.E.2d 639 [1990] ; Agor v. Board of Educ., Northeastern Clinton Cent. Sch. Dist., 115 A.D.3d 1047, 1048, 981 N.Y.S.2d 485 [2014] ; Pikul v. Clough, Harbour & Assoc., 190 A.D.2d 932, 932, 593 N.Y.S.2d 585 [1993] ). The dispute here centers on the phrase, "on the same basis as they have in the past." In our view, such phrase is "susceptible of different constructions and capable of being understood in more than one sense" ( Science Applications Intl. Corp. v. Environmental Risk Solutions, LLC, 132 A.D.3d 1161, 1164, 18 N.Y.S.3d 751 [2015] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted] ). Accordingly, we find that Supreme Court correctly resorted to parol evidence to resolve the phrase's ambiguity (see Spiak v. Zeglen, 255 A.D.2d 754, 757, 680 N.Y.S.2d 680 [1998] ; Pikul v. Clough, Harbour & Assoc., 190 A.D.2d at 933, 593 N.Y.S.2d 585 ).
In connection with their motion, plaintiffs submitted their own affidavits attesting that the parties intended for the district to provide them with the same health insurance benefits that they had received upon their retirement and that such benefits would continue until their deaths. Two plaintiffs who were involved in the negotiations of the CBAs also stated that, during such negotiations, it was understood that the health insurance benefits for retirees would not be limited in any way and would continue for the retirees' respective lifetimes. One of these plaintiffs further stated that when there was a switch in health providers, such change applied only to current teachers and not to retirees. Meanwhile, a former superintendent, who was involved in the negotiations of the CBAs, and a business administrator for the district stated in separate affidavits that the subject phrase meant that the percentage that each plaintiff contributed during his or her last year of teaching would be the same throughout retirement and that the district was not precluded from changing health plans. The business administrator also stated that there was a prior change resulting in an increased deductible for plaintiffs and that plaintiffs did not object to this change. In view of the foregoing, we conclude that the record discloses a triable issue of fact as to the parties' intentions regarding plaintiffs' health insurance coverage during their retirements and that the denial of plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment was proper (see Nationstar Mtge. LLC v. Goeke, 151 A.D.3d 1237, 1241, 57 N.Y.S.3d 223 [2017] ; Pozament Corp. v. AES Westover, LLC, 27 A.D.3d 1000, 1002, 812 N.Y.S.2d 154 [2006] ; see generally Hartford Acc. & Indem. Co. v. Wesolowski, 33 N.Y.2d 169, 172, 350 N.Y.S.2d 895, 305 N.E.2d 907 [1973] ). Plaintiffs' remaining arguments have been considered and are either without merit or not properly before us.
Lynch, J.P., Clark, Mulvey and Devine, JJ., concur.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, without costs.